- API
1% Coastal Flood Zone with 3.2 ft Sea Level Rise - Statewide
highways.hidot.hawaii.gov | Last Updated 2023-04-06T22:46:54.000ZTropical storms, hurricanes, and tsunamis create waves that flood low-lying coastal areas. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) produces flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) that depict flood risk zones referred to as Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) based modeling 1%-annual-chance flood event also referred to as a 100-year flood. The purpose of the FIRM is twofold: (1) to provide the basis for application of regulatory standards and (2) to provide the basis for insurance rating. SFHAs identify areas at risk from infrequent but severe storm-induced wave events and riverine flood events that are based upon historical record. By law (44 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 60.3), FEMA can only map flood risk that will be utilized for land use regulation or insurance rating based on historical data, therefore, future conditions with sea level rise and other impacts of climate change are not considered in FIRMs. It is important to note that FEMA can produce Flood Insurance Rate Maps that include future condition floodplains, but these would be considered “awareness” zones and not to be used for regulatory of insurance rating purposes. The State of Hawai‘i 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan incorporated the results of modeling and an assessment of vulnerability to coastal flooding from storm-induced wave events with sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). The 1% annual-chance-coastal flood zone with sea level rise (1%CFZ) was modeled to estimate coastal flood extents and wave heights for wave-generating events with sea level rise. Modeling was conducted by Sobis Inc. under State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources Contract No: 64064. The 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise was utilized to assess vulnerability to coastal event-based flooding in mid to - late century. The 1%CFZ with sea level rise would greatly expand the impacts from a 100-year flood event meaning that more coastal land area will be exposed to damaging waves. For example, over 120 critical infrastructure facilities in the City and County of Honolulu, including water, waste, and wastewater systems and communication and energy facilities would be impacted in the 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). This is double the number of facilities in the SFHA which includes the impacts of riverine flooding. A simplified version of the Wave Height Analysis for Flood Insurance Studies (WHAFIS) extension (FEMA, 2019b) included in Hazus-MH, was used to create the 1% annual chance coastal floodplain. Hazus is a nationally applicable standardized methodology that contains models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and hurricanes (FEMA, 2019a). The current 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevations were collected using the most current flood insurance studies (FIS) for each island conducted by FEMA (FEMA, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2015). The FIS calculates the 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation, wave setup, and wave run-up (called maximum wave crest) at regularly-spaced transects around the islands based on historical data. Modeling for the 1%CFZ used the NOAA 3-meter digital elevation model (DEM) which incorporates LiDAR data sets collected between 2003 and 2007 from NOAA, FEMA, the State of Hawaiʻi Emergency Management Agency, and the USACE (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 2017). Before Hazus was run for future conditions, it was run for the current conditions and compared to the FEMA regulatory floodplain to determine model accuracy. This also helped determine the stillwater elevation for the large gaps between some transects in the FIS. Hazus was run at 0.5-foot stillwater level intervals and the results were compared to the existing Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The interval of 0.5-feet was chosen as a small enough step to result in a near approximation of the FIRM while not being too impractically narrow to require the testing of dozens of input elevations. The elevation which matched up
- API
1% Coastal Flood Zone with 3.2 ft Sea Level Rise - Statewide
highways.hidot.hawaii.gov | Last Updated 2021-09-30T02:50:15.000ZTropical storms, hurricanes, and tsunamis create waves that flood low-lying coastal areas. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) produces flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) that depict flood risk zones referred to as Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) based modeling 1%-annual-chance flood event also referred to as a 100-year flood. The purpose of the FIRM is twofold: (1) to provide the basis for application of regulatory standards and (2) to provide the basis for insurance rating. SFHAs identify areas at risk from infrequent but severe storm-induced wave events and riverine flood events that are based upon historical record. By law (44 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 60.3), FEMA can only map flood risk that will be utilized for land use regulation or insurance rating based on historical data, therefore, future conditions with sea level rise and other impacts of climate change are not considered in FIRMs. It is important to note that FEMA can produce Flood Insurance Rate Maps that include future condition floodplains, but these would be considered “awareness” zones and not to be used for regulatory of insurance rating purposes. The State of Hawai‘i 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan incorporated the results of modeling and an assessment of vulnerability to coastal flooding from storm-induced wave events with sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). The 1% annual-chance-coastal flood zone with sea level rise (1%CFZ) was modeled to estimate coastal flood extents and wave heights for wave-generating events with sea level rise. Modeling was conducted by Sobis Inc. under State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources Contract No: 64064. The 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise was utilized to assess vulnerability to coastal event-based flooding in mid to - late century. The 1%CFZ with sea level rise would greatly expand the impacts from a 100-year flood event meaning that more coastal land area will be exposed to damaging waves. For example, over 120 critical infrastructure facilities in the City and County of Honolulu, including water, waste, and wastewater systems and communication and energy facilities would be impacted in the 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). This is double the number of facilities in the SFHA which includes the impacts of riverine flooding. A simplified version of the Wave Height Analysis for Flood Insurance Studies (WHAFIS) extension (FEMA, 2019b) included in Hazus-MH, was used to create the 1% annual chance coastal floodplain. Hazus is a nationally applicable standardized methodology that contains models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and hurricanes (FEMA, 2019a). The current 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevations were collected using the most current flood insurance studies (FIS) for each island conducted by FEMA (FEMA, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2015). The FIS calculates the 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation, wave setup, and wave run-up (called maximum wave crest) at regularly-spaced transects around the islands based on historical data. Modeling for the 1%CFZ used the NOAA 3-meter digital elevation model (DEM) which incorporates LiDAR data sets collected between 2003 and 2007 from NOAA, FEMA, the State of Hawaiʻi Emergency Management Agency, and the USACE (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 2017). Before Hazus was run for future conditions, it was run for the current conditions and compared to the FEMA regulatory floodplain to determine model accuracy. This also helped determine the stillwater elevation for the large gaps between some transects in the FIS. Hazus was run at 0.5-foot stillwater level intervals and the results were compared to the existing Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The interval of 0.5-feet was chosen as a small enough step to result in a near approximation of the FIRM while not being too impractically narrow to require the testing of dozens of input elevations. The elevation which matched up
- API
Environmental_Justice_Designations_Oahu_2017
highways.hidot.hawaii.gov | Last Updated 2022-12-05T06:43:03.000ZThese data were created for the Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OahuMPO) using the 2010 U.S. Decennial Census data to assess the spatial distribution of racial minorities and the American Community Survey (ACS) data to assess the distribution of people living in poverty. The “OMPO 2004 Environmental Justice in the OMPO Planning Process: Defining Environmental Justice Populations” (OahuMPO, 2004) report outlines the methodology used to determine EJ minority and poverty block groups using data from the 2000 Census. This methodology addresses the fact that the majority of the population in Hawai’i identifies as a minority race. Thsi methodology was applied to the 2010 Census data for race, and the 2009-2014 ACS data for poverty.
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Environmental_Justice_Designations_Oahu_2017
highways.hidot.hawaii.gov | Last Updated 2024-06-07T22:34:13.000ZThese data were created for the Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OahuMPO) using the 2010 U.S. Decennial Census data to assess the spatial distribution of racial minorities and the American Community Survey (ACS) data to assess the distribution of people living in poverty. The “OMPO 2004 Environmental Justice in the OMPO Planning Process: Defining Environmental Justice Populations” (OahuMPO, 2004) report outlines the methodology used to determine EJ minority and poverty block groups using data from the 2000 Census. This methodology addresses the fact that the majority of the population in Hawai’i identifies as a minority race. Thsi methodology was applied to the 2010 Census data for race, and the 2009-2014 ACS data for poverty.
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USA Historic Sites
highways.hidot.hawaii.gov | Last Updated 2022-11-04T00:51:19.000ZThe USGS Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US) is a spatial database of areas dedicated to the preservation of biological diversity, and other natural, recreational or cultural uses, managed for these purposes through legal or other effective means. The geodatabase maps and describes public lands and other conservation areas, including voluntarily provided private protected areas. Most areas are protected public lands owned in fee; however, long-term leases and agreements or administrative designations documented in agency management plans may be included. In addition, easements provided by the National Conservation Easement Database (NCED, http://conservationeasement.us ) and the National System of Marine Protected Areas (MPA, http://marineprotectedareas.noaa.gov ) tracked by NOAA are included. Federal and state data are generally complete, while local government and private protected area coverage depends on data management capacity in the state. See the PAD-US companion site (http://dev.protectedlands.net ) for maps of capacity and data completeness by state. Significant improvements to the local government theme are under way in partnership with the Trust for Public Land (TPL). The PAD-US geodatabase contains over twenty-five attributes and four feature classes to support data management, queries, web mapping services and analyses: Marine Protected Areas (MPA), Fee, Easements and Combined. The MPA and Easement feature classes contain some attributes unique to the sole source databases tracking them (e.g. Easement Holder Name from NCED, Protection Level from NOAA MPA Inventory). The "Combined" feature class integrates all fee, easement and MPA features as the best available national inventory of protected areas in the standard PAD-US framework. If desired, MPAs may be removed where "Designation Type" = 'Marine Protected Area' or easements selected where "Category" = 'Easement'. In addition to geographic boundaries, PAD-US describes the category (e.g. fee, easement, other), owner and managing agency, designation type, unit name, area, public access and state name in a suite of standardized fields. An informative set of references (i.e. Aggregator Source, GIS Source, GIS Source Date) and "local" or source data fields provide a transparent link to authoritative data sources. The areas in PAD-US are also assigned conservation measures that assess management intent to permanently protect biological diversity: the nationally relevant "GAP Status Code" and global "IUCN Category" standard. IUCN Categorized protected areas are sent following PAD-US updates to global partners managing the North American PAD (http://CEC.org ) and World Database for Protected Areas (WDPA, http://protectedplanet.net ). See the PAD-US Data Standard at: http://gapanalysis.usgs.gov/padus/ or contact the PAD-US Coordinator for more information. As a full inventory of protected areas by name, aggregated from authoritative source data, PAD-US includes legitimately overlapping designation types (e.g. Wilderness Area over a Wild and Scenic River and National Forest) and sliver errors. Overlapping designations largely occur in the federal theme of the "fee" or "combined" feature classes and may be removed by a selection where "Category" = Designation (DESG). Major sliver errors have been identified and shared with agency data stewards for correction in source files over time. GAP conducts separate analyses to summarize area statistics for PAD-US attributes such as: Owner Name, Manager Name, GAP Status Code, IUCN Category, State Name. Contact the PAD-US Coordinator for more information before conducting area related analyses. PAD-US version 1.4 includes: 1) Complete federal lands theme update: BLM, FWS, NPS, USFS, BIA, DOD, NOAA, USACE and NRCS. USBR, TVA, DOE, ARS transferred from PAD-US 1.3 as best available nationally aggregated data. The federal lands update was developed in collaboration with the FGDC Federal Lands Working Group (http://www.